Time : 20 min
----------------------
Directions (1–10): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
Despite their many differences of temperament and of literary perspective, Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman share certain beliefs. Common to all these writers is their humanistic perspective. Its basic premises are that humans are the spiritual center of the universe and that in them alone is the clue of the nature, history and ultimately the cosmos itself. Without denying outright the existence either of a deity or of brute matter, this perspective nevertheless rejects them as exclusive principles of interpretation and prefers to explain humans and the world in terms of humanity itself. This preference is expressed most clearly in the Transcendentalist principle that the structure of the universe literally duplicates the structure of the individual self: therefore, all knowledge begins with self-knowledge.
This common perspective is almost always universalized. Its emphasis is not upon the individual as a particular European or American, but upon the human as universal, freed from the accidents of time, space, birth and talent. Thus, for Emerson, the American Scholar turns out to be simply Main Thinking; while, for Whitman, the Song of Myself merges imperceptibly into a song of all the children of Adam, where every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you. Also common to all five writers is the belief that individual virtue and happiness depends upon the self-realization, which, in turn, depend upon the harmonious reconciliation of two universal psychological tendencies: first, the self-asserting impulse of the individual to withdraw; to remain unique and separate, and to be responsible only to himself or herself, and second, the self-transcending impulse of the individual to embrace the whole world in the experience of a single moment and to know and become one with that world.
These conflicting impulses can be seen in the democratic ethic. Democracy advocates individualism, the preservation of the individual's freedom and self-expression. But the democratic self is torn between the duty to self, which is implied by the concept of liberty, and the duty to society, which is implied by the concept of equality and fraternity. A third assumption common to the five writers is that intuition and imagination offer a surer road to truth than does abstract logic or scientific method. It is illustrated by their emphasis upon the introspection-their belief that the clue to external nature is to be found in the inner world of individual psychology and by their interpretation of experience as, in essence, symbolic. Both these stresses presume an organic relationship between the self and the cosmos of which only intuition and imagination can properly take account. These writers faith in the imagination and in themselves as practitioners of imagination led them conceive of the writer as a seer and enabled them to achieve supreme confidence in their own moral and metaphysical insights.
1. The author's discussion of Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman is primarily concerned with explaining.
(a)some of their beliefs about the difficulties involved in self-realization
(b)some of their beliefs concerning the world and the place that humanity occupies in the universal order
(c)some of their beliefs concerning the relationship between humanism and democracy
(d)the way some of their beliefs are shaped by differences in temperament and literary outlook
(e)the effects of some of their beliefs on their writings
2. According to the passage, the humanistic perspective of the five writers presupposes which of the following?
(A)The structures of the universe can be discovered through self-knowledge.
(B)The world can be explained in terms of humanity.
(C)The spiritual and the material worlds are incompatible.
(a) (A) only
(b) (B) only
(c) (A) and (B) only
(d) (B) and (C) only
(e) (A),( B) and (C)
3. The authors quotes Whitman primarily in order to
(a)show that the poet not agree with Emerson
(b)indicate the way the poet uses the humanists ideal to praise himself
(c)suggest that the poet adapts the basis premises of humanism to his own individual outlook on the world
(d)illustrate a way the poet expresses the relationship of the individual to the humanistic universe
(e)demonstrate that the poet is concerned with the well being of all humans
4. According to the passage, the five writers objects to the scientific method primarily because they think it
(a)is not the best way to obtain an understanding of the relationship between the individual and the cosmos
(b)is so specialized that it leads to an understanding of separate parts of the universe but not of the relationships among those parts
(c)cannot provide an adequate explanation of intuition and imagination
(d)misleads people into believing they have an understanding of truth, when they do not
(e)prevents people from recognizing the symbolic nature of experience.
5. It can be inferred that intuition is important to the five writers primarily because it provides them with
(a)information useful for understanding abstract logic and scientific method
(b)the discipline needed in the search for truth
(c)inspiration for their best writing
(d)clues to the interpretation of symbolic experience
(e)the means of resolving conflicts between the self and the world
6. The author discuses "the democratic ethic” in order to
(a)explain the relationship between external experience and inner imagination
(b)support the notion that the self contains two conflicting and reconcilable factions
(c)Illustrate the relationship between the self's desire to be individual and its desire to merge with all other selves.
(d)Elaborate on the concept that the self constantly desires to realize its potential
(e)Give an example of the idea that, in order to be happy, the self must reconcile its desires with external reality
Directions (7-8): Choose the word/group of words which is MOST SIMILAR in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
7. Transcendentalist
(a) philosopher
(b) experiential
(c) existential
(d) objective
(e) observational
8. introspection
(a) Conference
(b) Synopsis
(c) Summary
(d) examination
(e) cogitation
Directions (9-10): Choose the word/group of words which is MOST OPPOSITE in meaning of the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
9. imperceptibly
(a) observably
(b) slightly
(c) indiscernibly
(d) impalpably
(e) barely
10. reconciliation
(a) truce
(b) pacification
(c) arbitration
(d) conflict
(e) Rapport
Directions (11–20): In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.
India can be truly; proud of having made at __ (11) __ costs some very demanding biomedical products: blood bags, heart valves and Kalam-Raju stents, to name a few. However, the __ (12) __ in biomedical R & D or industry has __ (13) __ fully kept pace with the ever-growing demands. Therefore, several industries will be set up in the country with __ (14) __ technology for the __ (15) __ of medical devices. Polymers, ceramics and metal alloy industries would __ (16) __ themselves to produce the required biomaterials. Medical and health care sectors will undergo a major transformation with increased __ (17) __ of artificial organs, blood and improved diagnostic devices. For example, __ (18) __ of artificial human parts will be possible-the heart, the pancreas, the lungs, and kidneys. Artificial blood will be available for transfusion to leukemia patients. Bone, hip and tissue replacements will be possible for accident victims, and tissue replacements will be possible for-accident victims. Heart patients can __ (19) __ heart valves, artificial hearts and other implants. The requirement of biomaterials would accordingly go up. Tissue engineering will __ (20) __ at replacing the affected tissue in a natural way.
11. (a)expensive
(b)trivial
(c)significant
(d)high
(e)affordable
12. (a)extension
(b)Implementation
(c)advancement
(d)degradation
(e)treatment
13. (a)miraculously
(b)hopefully
(c)definitely
(d)not
(e)indeed
14. (a)imported
(b)prudential
(c)old
(d)traditional
(e)Known
15. (a)use
(b)manufacturing
(c)utilization
(d)sale
(e)disposal
16. (a)invent
(b)try
(c)upgrade
(d)help
(e)Deploy
17. (a)deficiency
(b)usability
(c)dearth
(d)availability
(e)Utility
18. (a)implantation
(b)amputation
(c)donation
(d)removal
(e)Treatment
19. (a)spare
(b)receive
(c)strengthen
(d)donate
(e)Exchange
20. (a)comment
(b)evolve
(c)pioneer
(d)serve
(e)Aim
Directions ( 21-25): Rearrange the following five sentences (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.
(A) Thus, when you talk about employee value proposition or employee branding, social listening is what is actually becoming very important today.
(B) Earlier, if one wanted to find out about the culture and environment at an organisation, one would be dependent on asking personal acquaintances who worked in that organisation.
(C) Hence, it would be undesirable for an organisation to have negative reviews about it on social medias.
(D) On the contrary, an organisation today, has to go where the audience is and show them what is relevant to them, be it good pay packages, work-life balance or learning opportunities.
(E) But now with the advent of social media and certain specialised organisations one can get reviews about a workplace instantly.
21. Which of the following would be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?
(a)A
(b)B
(c)C
(d)D
(e)E
22. Which of the following would be the SECOND sentence after rearrangement? .
(a)A
(b)B
(c)C
(d)D
(e)E
23. Which of the following would be the THIRD sentence v after rearrangement?
(a)A
(b)B
(c)C
(d)D
(e)E
24. Which of the following would be the FOURTH sentence after rearrangement?
(a)A
(b)B
(c)C
(d)D
(e)E
25. Which of the following would be the LAST (FIFTH)sentence after rearrangement?
(a)A
(b)B
(c)C
(d)D
(e)E
Directions (26-30): Each question below has THREE blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Choose the set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.
26. It has often chosen to play _______ moral guardian rather than ________ films by content and letting audiences make________________ decisions.
(a)smile, tangling, authentic
(b)staring , distorting, genuine
(c)glowering , labeling, informed
(d)pleasing, confusing, enlightened
(e)orthodox, producing, sophisticated
27. At home, while security forces deserve ________ for limiting the Pathankot air base attack, many questions need to be_______________ about the state of ________ along the Punjab-Pakistan border.
(a)condemnation, replied, peril
(b)praise, acknowledged, security
(c)blame, replied ,danger
(d)censure, answered, insecurity
(e)credit, rebutted, chaos
28. Its surprise result in Bihar where it _______ itself to regional players and ______ a windfall holds out a _____.
(a)begrimed, doubted , stencil
(b)dirty, be surprised, stencil
(c)sublimated , gained, template
(d)polluted, be amazed, prototype
(e)rewired, produced, cynosure.
29. Consider innovations like the India Stack which _______ Aadhaar authentication, e-KYC, esign, Digital Locker and UPI_______ mobile payments to ___________ cashless, paperless and presence-less transactions.
(a)part, improbable, impart
(b)dissolve, impractical, pledge
(c)detach, disconnect, yield
(d)combines , interoperable, provide
(e)consists, easy, issue
30. With the diversity of India, it is easy to _______ thousands or perhaps even millions of entrepreneurial _______ playing out over the next few years over the internet.
(a)divergence, laziness, discriminates
(b)diversity, certainty, discerns
(c)divergence, know, differentiate
(d)diversity ,imagine , experiments
(e) contradistinction ,forecast, startups
Answer :-
-----------------
1. (b);
2. (c);
3. (d);
4. (a);
5. (d).
6. (c)
7. (a); ‘Transcendentalism’ means ‘an idealistic philosophical and social movement’. Hence ‘philosopher’ is the word most similar in meaning to ‘transcendentalist’.
8. (e); INTROSPECTION means ‘the examination or observation of one's own mental and emotional processes’. Hence ‘cogitation’ is the word most similar in meaning.
9. (a); ‘imperceptible’ means ‘so slight, gradual, or subtle as not to be perceived’. Hence ‘observably’ is the word most opposite in meaning to ‘imperceptibly’.
10. (d); RECONCILIATION means ‘the restoration of friendly relations’ .Hence ‘conflict’ is the word most opposite in meaning.
11. (e)
12. (c)
13. (d)
14. (a)
15. (b)
16. (c)
17. (d)
18. (a)
19. (b)
20. (e)
21. (b) BECDA
22. (e)
23. (c)
24. (d)
25. (a)
26. (c)
27. (b)
28. (c).
29. (d).
30. (d)
